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SCR (SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIFIER)
A solid state electronic remote controllable dimming device. An SCR is
essentially an electronic switch which achieves the affect of dimming by
turning an electrical circuit on and off rapidly over a specific time
interval. Most SCR dimmers can only be used to dim incandescent lamps. Other
electronic dimmers use similar devices under other names such as the SSR,
and include many other sophisticated electronic filtering, control, and
circuit monitoring and protection circuitry.
SCRIM
One of many types of woven gauze-like scenic materials. A scrim will appear
as opaque when lit primarily from in front, or can become transparent when
objects are lit behind it.
SHUTTER
A metal plate or cutter placed at the gate of an ERS (or less commonly
within an automated fixture or followspot) that allows a portion of the beam
to be cut away or eliminated.
SHUTTER CUT
The resulting effect of positioning a shutter within an ERS. Shutter cuts
are often made to eliminate unwanted parts of the field of light which may
hit scenery or into the audience.
SIDE LIGHT
Light which comes primarily from the side of the actor or object being lit.
Strong side lighting is associated with the emphasis of the edges or sides
of actors or objects tending to enhance their dimensionally.
SMPTE (SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS)
A timing signal used primarily to synchronize video, film, and audio
recording and playback systems. SMPTE timecode is measured in hours,
minutes, seconds, and frames. Some lighting control consoles can be set up
to read SMPTE time code--automatically executing cues at specific times.
SMPTE or other time-code systems including MIDI timecode (MTC) are commonly
used in completely automated shows such as those found at theme parks to
keep lighting, sound, and motion control systems in sync.
SOFT PATCH
A component of most computer memory consoles that allows dimmers to be
patched electronically to control channels within the system. Generally
multiple dimmers can be patched to single control channels, but a dimmer can
not be patched to more than one control channel. As a greater variety of
other types of devices are attached to systems primarily designed to control
only dimmers, the relationship of control channels to dimmers becomes
increasingly abstract. A dimmer in the system may actually represent a
function of an automated fixture or a control for a strobelight or fog
machine.
SOLO
A mode affecting bump buttons on a lighting control console. When a bump
button is in solo mode it will momentarily take all channels except those
assigned to the bimp button to zero.
SPAN SET
A loop of nylon webbing wrapped around load bearing structures at the points
to which it will be rigged.
SPIDER
A circuiting device that allows multiple lighting instruments to be combined
into a single circuit or cable.
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