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P
PRESET BOARD
A lighting ontrol console comprised of banks or "scenes" of redundant sliders each controlling one channel of the lighting system. Individual looks can be set up on banks and by using scene masters one look can be faded to the next. The two-scene preset is the most common preset board. Cues are manually set on alternate scene banks and faded from one to the other. Multi-scene preset boards can also be found in some permanent installations which can require multiple operators to preset.
PREVIEW
A function on some memory lighting control desks with video mimics. Preview enables the operator to see the levels of dimmers and other information in a lighting state other than that on stage.
PREVISUALISATION
Computerized tools which enable design teams to show directors and other members of the production team how lighting or scenic automation will look before the set is even built.
PRIMARY COLORS
The primary additive colors of light are red, green and blue, and the subtractive colors are cyan, magenta and yellow.
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB)
The board that the electronics is mounted on. usually made from a copper coated insulator that has the circuit chemically etched onto one or both sides. The board is then drilled and the components are fitted into the holes and then soldered to the remaining copper.
PRISMATIC LENS
Prismatic lenses incorporate a pattern of small prisms or other refractive elements to reduce the luminance of the luminair and inhibit direct glare.
PRODUCTION DESK
Table in the auditorium at which director/designer etc sit during rehearsals. Usually has its own lighting and communications facilities.
PROFILE
- A type of lantern with at least one plano-convex lens which projects the outline of any chosen shape placed in its gate, sometimes with a variable degree of hardness/softness. Profiles include four beam-shaping metal shutters, a gate to take an iris or gobo and an adjustment to make the beam smooth and even ("flat") or hot in the center ("peaky").
- Shaped piece of scenery added to the edge of a flat instead of a straight edge. Also known as a cutout.
PROGRAMMING
The process by which light cues are set-up, written, and recorded into memory on a memory console. Programming on contemporary control consoles may involve complex manipulation of functions and software, but rarely involves actual program coding.
PROJECTION
- Slides are used to project still archive images or textures. Libraries of slides contain images for every occasion. Kodak Carousel projectors are the industry standard, and some types can be linked to a controller to perform complex dissolves and fades from one projector to another. More powerful projectors are available using very intense discharge sources and large format glass slides to produce a massive image.
- Lighting effects, Moving cloud / rain / fire effects can be achieved using a powerful lantern known as an effects projector with a motorized glass disc painted with the required effect. An objective lens is required in front of the disc to focus the image.
- Film, 35mm film projection is common in many theaters as a device for keeping the building open to the public when productions are in preparation. 16mm film projection is used in smaller venues. Film projection can, of course, also be integrated into a performance.
- Video, Video projection is now being used to bring television pictures to the large screen. Cheaper than using film, but the image quality is not as good. Video projection equipment can also be more difficult to set up. Images can be front projected or back/rear projected depending on the amount of space and the effect required. For example, if actors are required to walk in front of the screen and not have the image appearing on them, back projection is the only answer.
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